Title: 
Why Serious Mariners Continue to Carry Paper Charts to Complement Digital Navigational Tools

Word Count:
1002

Summary:
While navigation systems such as GPS have had a dramatic impact on navigation, serious mariners continue to rely on paper charts as well. Sailors recognize that print-on-demand charts can serve as important insurance in the case of electronic failure or other complications.
For more http://www.oceangrafix.com/


Keywords:
oceangrafix,


Article Body:
<b>Why Serious Mariners Continue to Carry Paper Charts to Complement Digital Navigational Tools</b>

<a href="http://www.oceangrafix.com">OceanGrafix</a> provides commercial and recreational mariners with the most up-to-date, NOAA-approved nautical charts ever offered. <a href="http://www.oceangrafix.com/o.g/Standard-NOAA-nautical-chart-size.html">NOAA Charts<a/> are printed only after an order has been received, ensuring the most up-to-date information at the time of printing. Our nautical charts are typically shipped the same business day.

<b>The Landscape</b>

The United States has 500,000 square nautical miles of navigationally significant areas and 95,000 miles of shoreline. In 2006, there were 70 million recreational mariners using those waters. Add commercial vessels to these statistics, and you get a whole lot of traffic on today’s waterways.

Not surprisingly, some mariners run into mishaps. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA), there are approximately 6,400 recreational boating accidents each year.

“Collisions account for 80% of all reportable recreational boating accidents, and 78% of non-reportable accidents, totaling an estimated insurance loss of over $450 million a year from nearly 100,000 claims,” says a 2007 Hydrographic Services Review Panel report. “A major cause of claims is ‘striking a submerged object’ and groundings, two scenarios in which accurate <a href="http://www.oceangrafix.com/o.g/NOAA-Chart-Products.html">NOAA</a> surveys and charts can play a major role.”

Not only do numbers such as these present a strong case for the use of navigation tools, they indicate that no one is immune from potential trouble.

<b>Why Charts Change</b>
NOAA currently maintains over 1,000 charts, each providing important cartographic data. “The nautical chart is an essential tool for insuring safe navigation and as a result must be kept up-to-date,” explains a report by the Marine Chart Division of NOAA. “The nautical chart depicts information vital for safe navigation such as water depths, obstructions, regulated navigation areas, buoys and landmarks. The information can change hourly.”

According to the Hydrographic Services Review Panel report, “Each year, additional areas are identified for resurvey due to natural shifts in sea bottoms and water depths caused by such phenomena as currents, hurricanes, glacier melts, and earthquakes.”

These changes are real and frequent: NOAA issues 100 or more changes each week in the form of Notices to Mariners. "These include dangerous wrecks, rocks and obstructions discovered by NOAA field parties,” explains Richard Sillcox, chief of NOAA’s Chart Update Service. “NOAA quickly applies all critical safety corrections to its digital files that are made available to the mariner in the form of its Print-on-Demand paper, and Raster and Electronic digital chart products."

<b>Why Are Paper Charts Essential?</b>
Experienced sailors know that using paper <a href="http://www.oceangrafix.com/o.g/Charts/Pacific/NOAA-Nautical-Charts.html">charts</a> is one way to avert problems, and they use paper charts in conjunction with other means of navigation.

An April 3, 2007 article in the New York Times warns, “Just because you have GPS does not mean you should leave your compass and sextant on dry land. Failure, whether due to an electrical problem or a drained battery or old fashioned human error, can be devastating.”

One drawback to electronic <a href="http://www.oceangrafix.com/o.g/Charts/GreatLakes/NOAA-Nautical-Charts.html">charts</a> and GPS systems is that they are only as good as the paper charts from which they were created. Recreational mariners often suffer from a false sense of security, assuming that the data they are relying on is accurate when, in fact, the information could be months or even years old.

“Every boat should have charts and a skipper who knows how to read them,” explains Steve Ford, who has been navigating the waters of Southern California for over 30 years. “About the only thing that will be around longer than charts are electronic failures. Charts are inexpensive insurance. There is absolutely no excuse for not having the appropriate charts on board.”

“I was a celestial navigator on race boats, and our boats were extremely well-equipped with plotters, LORANs and GPS units, and all of it got used,” says Ken Williams, who has logged 18,000 nautical miles offshore. “But, the paper chart was what the watch going on and the watch going off wanted to see. It allowed them—and me—to get the overall picture of what was going on. I never failed to maintain an up-to-date chart and the chart was always looked at by all the crew at every watch change. Regardless of the experience of the crew and the navigator, the paper chart is a format that everyone can understand and use to get themselves out of a jam if required.” In addition to their reliability, paper  charts  have some practical advantages.

<b>Daylight Readability</b>
Paper charts can be read in bright daylight, whereas some electronic screens require a particular angle or lighting.

<b>Notes</b>
You can hand write notes and highlight with colors on paper charts, such as “good anchorage here” or “fish traps here.” Many chart plotters and chart software allow you to add marks, label them and add notes, but it is far quicker on a paper chart.

<b>No Electricity Required</b>
Paper charts do not need electricity, the only exception being if you need a light to read at night.

<b>What’s the Wave of the Future?</b>
Is there a place for technology when it comes to boating navigation? Certainly. Are paper charts still necessary? Absolutely.

When in doubt, trust the pros. According to the USCG, “A safe boater will always have the appropriate nautical chart(s) onboard their vessel. The exact meaning of an aid to navigation may not be clear to the boater unless the appropriate chart is consulted.”

Richard Sillcox adds, “Technology is not foolproof, and unforeseen circumstances may affect your ability to take advantage of that technology. Even with electronics such as GPS, accurate charts are still paramount.” Among serious mariners, the consensus is always this: never rely on only one means of navigation. Interestingly, technology manufacturers frequently echo the same warning.


